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A term · 3 claims · lectures 7

The continuous and the discrete

Bergson's master distinction: what can be counted as separate units versus an unbroken flow with no gaps. Lived time is the flow; cutting it into units treats it as if it were laid out in space.

Cantor's two infinities: whole numbers 1, 2, 3 versus the points on a number line, where infinitely many lie between any two. Time is like the line.

The image Shore uses for it, in our paraphrase.

The 3 claims that turn on it

In lecture order, as Marci Shore presents each view. The time opens that minute of the lecture on YouTube.

Lecture 7Henri Bergson and the Revolt against Positivism

Real time is durée, duration: time as we actually experience it, a flow with no gaps that runs one way only and resists being divided into countable points.

Put simply Bergson: real time is "durée" (duration), time as we actually live it. It flows without gaps, runs only one way, and cannot be split into countable points.

The continuum hypothesis (1878): the integers make up one infinity, the gapless points of a line another, and no set has a size strictly between the two.

Put simply Cantor's "continuum hypothesis" (1878): the whole numbers make up one infinity, the gapless points on a line make up another, and no collection has a size falling between the two.

Multiplicity comes in two kinds. A number is made of discrete, countable units; the states of consciousness instead permeate one another, forming a qualitative multiplicity that cannot be counted.

Put simply Bergson: there are two kinds of "many". A number is made of separate units you can count. Our states of mind instead blend into one another, a "qualitative multiplicity" that cannot be counted.

Related terms

Terms that appear in the same claims.

durée
duration (durée)Time as a continuous, irreversible, lived flow in which past and present interpenetrate, rather than a row of countable instants.
qualitative vs quantitative multiplicityTwo kinds of manifold: countable, separable units versus heterogeneous states that permeate one another; conscious life is the second kind.