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A term · 3 claims · lectures 15, 22

Belief that everything is possible

The totalitarian conviction that there are no limits to what can be done to people, underlying the claim that everything is permitted.

The 3 claims that turn on it

In lecture order, as Marci Shore presents each view. The time opens that minute of the lecture on YouTube.

Lecture 15Hannah Arendt, Totalitarianism and the Nature of Evil

Totalitarian cynicism takes Ivan Karamazov literally: if God is dead, "everything is permitted." That rests on a deeper conviction that "everything is possible," and the camps are laboratories verifying it.

Put simply Arendt: totalitarian cynics take Dostoevsky's Ivan Karamazov literally: if God is dead, "everything is permitted." Behind it lies a deeper belief that "everything is possible," and the camps were laboratories for proving it.

Arendt ends Origins on absolute evil: once the impossible became possible, a crime appeared that no ordinary wicked motive, greed, resentment, cowardice, could explain, beyond both punishment and forgiveness.

Put simply Arendt ends her book on totalitarianism with "absolute evil": once the impossible became possible, a crime appeared that no ordinary bad motive, like greed or cowardice, could explain. It could be neither punished nor forgiven.

Lecture 22French Post-Structuralism: Derrida and Deconstruction

ShoreL22 · 51:02Core idea

Shore finds deconstruction thrilling and provoking, but it ultimately leaves us hanging as the avant-garde was: the leap opens every possibility and offers no handhold.

Put simply Shore finds deconstruction thrilling and provocative, but in the end it leaves us dangling, as the avant-garde artists were: once you jump, anything is possible, but there is nothing to hold on to.

The questions it belongs to

Throughlines that pass through one of these claims.

1 of its claims

Related terms

Terms that appear in the same claims.

radical evilA term Arendt borrowed from Kant, who meant something different, for totalitarian evil: beyond ordinary motives like greed, neither punishable nor forgivable, arising when a system makes people superfluous. She later called evil banal.
avant-garde / second-wave (high) modernismThe flight from subjectivity, around and after the First World War, into radical formal and temporal experiment: freed words, cult of youth, art as creation, internationalism.
Bodenlosigkeit
groundlessnessThe modern fear that nothing is given or certain: a thrilling yet unbearable freedom for the avant-garde, philosophy's missing foundation for Husserl.